{"id":722,"date":"2026-07-07T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-07-07T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/minhlydao.org.vn\/?p=722"},"modified":"2026-07-07T07:00:00","modified_gmt":"2026-07-07T00:00:00","slug":"cam-ung-luan-phan-2","status":"publish","type":"sach","link":"https:\/\/tamtongmieu.minhlydao.org.vn\/index.php\/sach\/cam-ung-luan-phan-2\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng lu\u1eadn Ph\u1ea7n 2"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u1ea2M \u1ee8NG LU\u1eacN (ti\u1ebfp theo Ph\u1ea7n 1)<\/strong><\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG TH\u1ee8 NH\u00cc<\/strong><\/p>\n

CH\u1ec8 R\u00d5 L\u00dd C\u1ea2M \u1ee8NG TRONG HAI \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG THI\u1ec6N \u00c1C<\/strong><\/p>\n

I. NH\u1eeeNG \u0110I\u1ec0U L\u00c0NH N\u00caN CH\u1ee8A<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 ghi trong Kinh C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh n\u00ean ch\u1ee9a k\u1ec3 s\u01a1 ra sau n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

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  1. Th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eafc t\u1ea5n, phi \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eafc th\u1ed1i<\/em> (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i th\u00ec t\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00ec lui) – Thu\u1eadn l\u1ebd Tr\u1eddi, h\u1ea1p l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i, kh\u00e1 s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean; ngh\u1ecbch l\u1ebd Tr\u1eddi, tr\u00e1i l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i, n\u00ean s\u1ee3 m\u00e0 xa l\u00e1nh.<\/li>\n
  2. T\u00edch \u0111\u1ee9c l\u0169y c\u00f4ng, t\u1eeb t\u00e2m \u01b0 v\u1eadt<\/em> (ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i c\u00f4ng, l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00fac v\u1eadt) \u2013 \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh c\u00f2n \u1edf trong l\u00f2ng th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c, khi \u0111em ra thi h\u00e0nh r\u1ed3i th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng. Th\u01b0\u1eddng tu \u0111\u1ee9c, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng l\u00f2ng gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m m\u1edbi v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng. C\u00f2n t\u1eeb bi l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i r\u1ec5 mu\u00f4n l\u00e0nh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i c\u00f4ng, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i g\u1ed3m th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00fac v\u1eadt n\u1eefa.<\/li>\n
  3. Trung hi\u1ebfu h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ec5, ch\u00e1nh k\u1ef7 h\u00f3a nh\u01a1n<\/em> (th\u1ea3o ngay v\u1edbi vua, cha, h\u00f2a thu\u1eadn c\u00f9ng anh em, s\u1eeda m\u00ecnh ngay r\u1ed3i sau m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) \u2013 L\u00e0m t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ngay, l\u00e0m con ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea3o, l\u00e0m anh ph\u1ea3i h\u00f2a, l\u00e0m em ph\u1ea3i thu\u1eadn. Suy ra t\u1eeb khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft lo cang th\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, th\u00ec x\u01b0a nay n\u00e1o Tr\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ec9 th\u1ea7n, c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00fa c\u1ea7m th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u00ed t\u00e1nh (t\u00e1nh t\u1ed9t ngay t\u1ed9t th\u1ea3o) n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 d\u00f9i v\u1edbi tr\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Cho n\u00ean l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ec1ng m\u1ed1i c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh, l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ed5n \u0111\u1ec3 tu th\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a noi l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i, ch\u1ebf l\u00f2ng t\u00e0, m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ch\u1eeba d\u1eef l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh, d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 qu\u1edf ph\u1ea1t \u00e9p b\u1ee9c th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ai v\u00e2ng ch\u1ecbu.<\/li>\n
  4. T\u1ebf nh\u01a1n chi c\u1ea5p, c\u1ee9u nh\u01a1n chi nguy<\/em> (tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea5p g\u1ea3y, c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac hi\u1ec3m nguy) – Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea5p g\u1ea3y l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c men khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111au \u1ed1m, ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e3n ph\u1ea7n, \u00e1o c\u01a1m khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3i l\u1ea1nh. Nh\u1eefng l\u00fac hi\u1ec3m nguy l\u00e0 l\u00fac ch\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i trong gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat, t\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0nh treo chu\u00f4ng, t\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 t\u00e9 s\u00f4ng, ch\u00ecm ghe, ch\u00e1y nh\u00e0 v.v\u2026 Ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen bi\u1ebft c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng quen bi\u1ebft, k\u1ebb th\u00e2n hay l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f9, h\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y g\u1ea5p th\u00ec tr\u1ee3, th\u1ea5y nguy th\u00ec c\u1ee9u, ch\u1edb \u0111\u1eebng vi\u1ec7n l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng can ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1m nhi\u00ean t\u1ecda th\u1ecb.<\/li>\n
  5. Th\u1ecd nh\u1ee5c b\u1ea5t o\u00e1n, th\u1ecd s\u1ee7ng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh<\/em> (b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng o\u00e1n gi\u1eadn, \u0111\u1eb7ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau m\u00e0 l\u00f2ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee3) – Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c nh\u1ee5c m\u1ea1 m\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i, th\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng n\u00f3i: N\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a ti\u1ec3u nh\u01a1n v\u00f4 l\u1ec5. N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u nh\u01a1n th\u00ec m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch qu\u00e2n t\u1eed m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i v\u1edbi n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu tranh gi\u00e0nh v\u1edbi n\u00f3 th\u00ec tr\u00ean th\u1ebf l\u1ea1i th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a ti\u1ec3u nh\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Ph\u1ea3i r\u00e1ng g\u00ecn l\u00f2ng khoan dung \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a k\u1ebb hung b\u1ea1o ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh. T\u1ed3n t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u1edbi l\u00e0 mong h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau m\u00e0 ban cho l\u1ed9c v\u1ecb danh l\u1ee3i cao tr\u1ecdng th\u00ec l\u1ea1i e s\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea5y tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, ch\u1eb3ng v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 sanh th\u00f3i ki\u00eau c\u0103ng, th\u00ec ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng th\u1eadp b\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n
  6. Thi \u00e2n b\u1ea5t c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o, d\u1eef nh\u01a1n b\u1ea5t truy h\u1ed1i<\/em> (l\u00e0m \u01a1n kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3, cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eb3ng ngh\u0129 ti\u1ebfc) – \u0110\u1ea5ng qu\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng hay t\u1ebf tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ai hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd r\u1ed3i, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady, ch\u1edb ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec danh v\u00ec l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 k\u1ebb th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01a1n m\u00e0 mong b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1p. Cho r\u1ed3i m\u00e0 ngh\u0129 ti\u1ebfc, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y sau kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n cho ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u00e0 e c\u00f2n mu\u1ed1n \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 n\u1eefa.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh n\u00ean ch\u1ee9a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 k\u1ec3 ra cho to\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. C\u1ea7n \u00edch h\u01a1n h\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh n\u00e0o nh\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ea3. T\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn khi g\u1eb7p con th\u00fa d\u1eef n\u00f3 l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 th\u00ec c\u00f2n n\u00f3i ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ebft n\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng? T\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 th\u00ed thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee9u b\u1ec7nh, m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u00e1nh thu\u1ed1c, cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i \u0111au th\u00eam th\u00ec c\u00f2n n\u00f3i c\u1ee9 th\u00ed thu\u1ed1c m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng? M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y theo c\u1ea3nh ng\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb, h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, sao \u0111\u1eb7ng ch\u1ed7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ch\u00fang sanh, th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a cho nh\u01a1n lo\u1ea1i, m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

    II. L\u00c0M L\u00c0NH S\u1ebc G\u1eb6P PH\u01af\u1edaC<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Sau khi ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh n\u00ean ch\u1ee9a, \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng: K\u1ebb l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7ng c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t sau n\u1ea7y:<\/p>\n

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    1. Nh\u01a1n giai k\u1ec9nh chi<\/em> (ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y) \u2013 \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh \u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u1ebd c\u00f4ng ch\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Tr\u1eddi ph\u00fa cho m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdn l\u1ebd c\u00f4ng ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec tr\u00ean t\u1eeb b\u1eadc quan vi\u00ean, ch\u1ee9c s\u1eafc, d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1edbi k\u1ebb d\u00e2n d\u00e3 qu\u00ea m\u00f9a, kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1eb3ng k\u00ednh m\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7n minh. C\u00e2u n\u00f3i sau n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t \u00fd \u0111\u00f3: “Nh\u1ee9t nh\u1ef1t kh\u1eafc k\u1ef7 ph\u1ee5c l\u1ec5, thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 qui nh\u00e2n di\u00ean<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kia th\u1eafng n\u1ed5i d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 \u0111em b\u1ed5n t\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 ch\u00e1nh l\u1ec5, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta trong thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 khen cho m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n. Ch\u1eef nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n (ch\u1ec9 b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n).<\/li>\n
    2. Thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ef1u chi<\/em> (\u0111\u1ea1o Tr\u1eddi h\u1ed9 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd) \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1o Tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng quen bi\u1ebft ai, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0nh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 tinh trung th\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t nh\u1ef1t nh\u01b0 Ch\u00e2u C\u00f4ng, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n hi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u00ean \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ed5ng V\u0129nh, \u0111\u1ebfn khi l\u00e2m n\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 Tr\u1eddi gi\u00fap.<\/li>\n
    3. Ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed9c t\u00f9y chi<\/em> (ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed9c theo b\u00ean h\u1ecd). \u2013 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 may m\u1eafn l\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t, l\u1ed9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbc quy\u1ec1n. Theo b\u00ean h\u1ecd, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng v\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3. S\u1ed1 l\u00e0 thi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbc tu, th\u00ec nh\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean, thi\u1ec7n kh\u00ed theo m\u00ecnh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng, ti\u1ebfng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng d\u1ed9i, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 nhi\u00ean, m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng hay bi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n
    4. Ch\u00fang t\u00e0 vi\u1ec7n chi<\/em> (c\u00e1c t\u00e0 ma xa l\u00e1nh h\u1ecd). \u2013 Y\u00eau b\u1ea5t th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i: T\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m ch\u00e1nh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y, th\u00ec t\u00e0 ma ch\u1eb3ng d\u00e1m x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn, ph\u1ea3i dang ra xa, t\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ecdc l\u00ean cao th\u00ec b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n
    5. Th\u1ea7n linh v\u1ec7 chi<\/em> (c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n minh ph\u00f2 tr\u00ec h\u1ecd). – Th\u1ea7n minh ch\u1ec9 n\u1ec3 v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung hi\u1ebfu, kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngay th\u1eb3ng, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, cho n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng g\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0nh n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lo b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9. X\u01b0a nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ee9c ch\u1eb3ng g\u1eb7p th\u1ee7y tai, h\u1ecfa tai, \u0111ao binh, d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 g\u1eb7p c\u0169ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef h\u00f3a hi\u1ec1n, tai qua n\u1ea1n kh\u1ecfi. B\u1ecdn t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1eb3ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee9c, ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng ph\u00e9p m\u00e0 sai khi\u1ebfn th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh. Sai khi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u00e0 s\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i m\u1eafc t\u1ed9i l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c. Ph\u00e9p ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh, d\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng k\u00eau th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh ch\u1edb th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn, d\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7u th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh ch\u1edb th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh c\u0169ng h\u1ed9.<\/li>\n
    6. S\u1edf t\u00e1c t\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh, th\u1ea7n ti\u00ean kh\u1ea3 k\u00ed<\/em> (l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chi ch\u1eafc th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n ti\u00ean). \u2013 Vi\u1ec7c chi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, ch\u1edb ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i chung h\u1ebft c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c. Ph\u00e0m ai l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u0169ng tr\u00f4ng mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ta kh\u00f4ng h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng l\u00e0m, m\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng, n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 ma ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea3n ng\u0103n. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec s\u1ef1 r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u1ed1i h\u1ed1i trong l\u00f2ng, l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng th\u00eam s\u1ee9c tinh t\u1ea5n th\u00ec t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i s\u1ebd chi\u1ec1u theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n. T\u1ea1i sao? L\u00e0 b\u1edfi c\u00e1i s\u1ed1 l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh kia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1ed3i, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00ednh, Tr\u1eddi h\u1ed9, ph\u01b0\u1edbc theo, t\u00e0 l\u00e1nh, th\u1ea7n ph\u00f2, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u? Cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c tu luy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n ti\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      B\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m, c\u00f2n b\u00e0i n\u00e0y k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh c\u1ea3. H\u1ec5 c\u1ea3m l\u00e0nh th\u00ec \u1ee9ng l\u00e0nh, lu\u1eadt Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 sai ch\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n

      III. NH\u1eeeNG \u0110I\u1ec0U D\u1eee N\u00caN CH\u1eeaA<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef k\u1ec3 ra trong Kinh C\u1ea3m \u1ee8ng g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft hai ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1n. \u0110\u00e2y xin l\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 m\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Phi ngh\u0129a nhi \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ed9i l\u00fd nhi h\u00e0nh<\/em> (t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u phi ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1i l\u1ebd).<\/li>\n
      2. \u00c2m t\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1m v\u0169 qu\u00e2n th\u00e2n<\/em> (h\u1ea1i l\u00e9n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0nh, khi th\u1ea7m vua ch\u00faa, cha m\u1eb9).<\/li>\n
      3. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, si\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi ch\u1ec9<\/em> (h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i k\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng, dua m\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean mong tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb9p \u00fd).<\/li>\n
      4. Th\u1ecd \u00e2n b\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m, ni\u1ec7m o\u00e1n b\u1ea5t h\u01b0u<\/em> (th\u1ecd \u01a1n m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea3m \u01a1n, nh\u1edb vi\u1ec7c th\u00f9 o\u00e1n ho\u00e0i ho\u00e0i).<\/li>\n
      5. S\u00e1t nh\u01a1n th\u1ee7 t\u00e0i, khuynh nh\u01a1n th\u1ee7 v\u1ecb<\/em> (gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a, h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0\u1edbp ng\u00f4i).<\/li>\n
      6. L\u0103ng c\u00f4 b\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3, kh\u00ed ph\u00e1p th\u1ecd l\u1ed9<\/em> (hi\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 g\u00f3a, con m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i, tham c\u1ee7a h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 m\u00e0 b\u1ecf ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng).<\/li>\n
      7. Tri qu\u00e1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ea3i, tri thi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t vi<\/em> (bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c l\u1ed7i m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng s\u1eeda, bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m).<\/li>\n
      8. S\u00e1n b\u00e1ng th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n, x\u00e2m l\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/em> (ch\u00ea bai th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n, ph\u00e1 r\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c).<\/li>\n
      9. X\u1ea1 phi tr\u1ee5c t\u1ea9u, ph\u00e1t tr\u1eadp kinh th\u00ea, \u0111i\u1ec1n huy\u1ec7t ph\u00fac s\u00e0o, th\u01b0\u01a1ng thai ph\u00e1 no\u00e3n<\/em> (b\u1eafn lo\u00e0i bay, s\u0103n lo\u00e0i ch\u1ea1y, khu\u1ea5y ph\u00e1 lo\u00e0i \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00ean c\u00e2y, b\u00edt hang l\u1eadt \u1ed5, \u0111\u1eadp tr\u1ee9ng h\u1ea1i thai).<\/li>\n
      10. Nguy nh\u01a1n t\u1ef1 an, gi\u1ea3m nh\u01a1n t\u1ef1 \u00edch<\/em> (h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1eb7ng m\u00ecnh y\u00ean, b\u1edbt ph\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh).<\/li>\n
      11. H\u00ecnh nh\u01a1n chi x\u1ee7, ki\u1ebft nh\u01a1n chi t\u01b0<\/em> (b\u00e0y ch\u1ed7 x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1ea1ch vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi).<\/li>\n
      12. Hao nh\u01a1n h\u00f3a t\u00e0i, li nh\u01a1n c\u1ed1t nh\u1ee5c<\/em> (l\u00e0m hao m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ph\u00e1 r\u1eddi r\u00e3 t\u00ecnh ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi).<\/li>\n
      13. X\u00e2m nh\u01a1n s\u1edf \u00e1i, tr\u1ee3 nh\u01a1n vi phi<\/em> (\u0111o\u1ea1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay l\u00e0 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn, gi\u00fap k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u hung d\u1eef, s\u00e1i ph\u00e9p).<\/li>\n
      14. Sinh ch\u00ed t\u00e1c oai, nh\u1ee5c nh\u01a1n c\u1ea7u th\u1eafng<\/em> (\u0111\u1eafc ch\u00ed l\u00e0m oai \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta, l\u00e0m nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 to\u1ea1i l\u00f2ng h\u00e1o th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh).<\/li>\n
      15. T\u00e1n kh\u00ed ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c, lao nhi\u1ec5u ch\u00fang sanh<\/em> (h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i c\u01a1m g\u1ea1o, kh\u1ed5 kh\u1eafc ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadt).<\/li>\n
      16. Quy\u1ebft th\u1ee7y ph\u00f3ng h\u1ecfa, d\u0129 h\u1ea1i d\u00e2n c\u01b0<\/em> (ph\u00e1 c\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed1t nh\u00e0, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1i nh\u01a1n d\u00e2n).<\/li>\n
      17. Can c\u1ea7u b\u1ea5t to\u1ea1i, ti\u1ec7n sanh ch\u00fa h\u1eadn<\/em> (xin h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1eb3ng cho, b\u00e8n sanh o\u00e1n gi\u1eadn, r\u1ee7a b\u1edbi).<\/li>\n
      18. Ki\u1ebfn tha t\u00e0i n\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 x\u01b0ng nhi \u1ee9c chi<\/em> (th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c gi\u1ecfi d\u1eafn \u0111\u00e1ng khen, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfm c\u1edb ch\u00ea \u0111\u00e8).<\/li>\n
      19. Th\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ea1t b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh, d\u1eadt l\u1ea1c qu\u00e1 ti\u1ebft<\/em> (th\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh, vui ch\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9).<\/li>\n
      20. O\u00e1n thi\u00ean v\u01b0u nh\u01a1n, ha phong m\u1ea1 v\u00f5<\/em> (gi\u1eadn tr\u1eddi tr\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1eedi gi\u00f3 m\u1eafng m\u01b0a).<\/li>\n
      21. D\u1ee5ng th\u00ea thi\u1ebfp ng\u1eef, vi ph\u1ee5 m\u1eabu hu\u1ea5n<\/em> (nghe l\u1eddi v\u1ee3 thi\u1ebfp m\u00e0 tr\u00e1i l\u1ecbnh m\u1eb9 cha).<\/li>\n
      22. \u0110o\u1ea3n x\u00edch hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed9 (\u0111\u1ea1c), khinh x\u1ee9ng ti\u1ec3u th\u0103ng<\/em> (th\u01b0\u1edbc non \u0111o thi\u1ebfu, c\u00e2n nh\u1eb9 \u0111ong lui).<\/li>\n
      23. Tham lam v\u00f4 y\u1ec3m, ch\u00fa tr\u1edb c\u1ea7u tr\u1ef1c<\/em> (l\u00f2ng tham lam v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, th\u1ec1 th\u1ed1t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin m\u00ecnh ngay th\u1eb3ng).<\/li>\n
      24. T\u1ed5n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ecda thai, h\u00e0nh \u0111a \u1ea9n t\u1ecbch<\/em> (h\u1ea1i ch\u1ebft con n\u00edt, ph\u00e1 h\u01b0 thai b\u00e0o, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e9n l\u00fat, kh\u00f4ng quang minh ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1i).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef n\u00ean ch\u1eeba c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i \u00edt, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 ra cho h\u1ebft. N\u00f3i t\u1eaft m\u00e0 nghe, nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi, cho v\u1eadt, ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn oai Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n minh \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

        C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i: T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m d\u1eef l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m d\u1eef t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0nh r\u1ed3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a \u1eaft.<\/p>\n

        Trang T\u1eed n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “Nh\u1ee9t nh\u1ef1t b\u1ea5t ni\u1ec7m thi\u1ec7n, ch\u01b0 \u00e1c giai t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi<\/em>“. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh, th\u00ec m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 d\u1ea5y l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

        C\u00f2n x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m d\u1eef m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng lo tu thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a. Tr\u00e1i lu\u1eadt T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc t\u1ed9i v\u1edbi Tr\u1eddi sao? H\u1ec5 \u0111\u1eafc t\u1ed9i v\u1edbi Tr\u1eddi th\u00ec l\u00e0 l\u00e0m d\u1eef r\u1ed3i, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

        IV. L\u00c0M D\u1eee S\u1ebc MANG H\u1eccA<\/strong><\/p>\n

        H\u1ec5 l\u00e0m d\u1eef th\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn cho m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 h\u1ecda h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 sau nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. T\u01b0 M\u1ea1ng t\u00f9y k\u1ef3 khinh tr\u1ecdng, \u0111o\u1ea1t k\u1ef3 k\u1ef7 to\u00e1n<\/em> (T\u01b0 M\u1ea1ng T\u00e1o Qu\u00e2n t\u00f9y t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eb9, m\u00e0 b\u1edbt tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t to\u00e1n). – N\u0103m ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0: 1. Th\u1ecd, 2. Ph\u00fa, 3. Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng ninh, 4. Du h\u00e1o \u0111\u1ee9c (ch\u1ed7 \u01b0a m\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c), 5. Kh\u1ea3o chung m\u1ea1ng (ch\u1ebft t\u1ed1t). Th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong n\u0103m ph\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean ph\u1ea1t d\u1eef c\u0169ng l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
        2. To\u00e1n t\u1eadn t\u1eafc t\u1eed, t\u1eed h\u1eefu d\u01b0 tr\u00e1ch, n\u1ea3i \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1eadp t\u1eed t\u00f4n<\/em> (h\u1ebft to\u00e1n r\u1ed3i th\u00ec ch\u1ebft, ch\u1ebft c\u00f2n d\u01b0 t\u1ed9i, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tai \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00e1u con). – Trong m\u1ed9t gia quy\u1ebfn, cha con, anh em, ch\u1ed3ng v\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 duy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n v\u1edbi nhau n\u00ean m\u1edbi h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng nhau m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y sao c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia sao c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y. Tuy bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng “ai tu th\u00ec n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb7ng ph\u01b0\u1edbc, ai l\u00e0m d\u1eef th\u00ec n\u1ea5y m\u1eafc h\u1ecda”, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f2n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng chung cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i can ph\u1ea1m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0, m\u1ed9t x\u00f3m m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, l\u1ea1i g\u1ed3m lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 x\u1ee9, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u00e1i n\u1eefa. H\u1ec5 t\u00ecnh th\u00e2n \u00e1i c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o, th\u00ec ch\u1ed7 can ph\u1ea1m c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eebng n\u1ea5y. B\u1eb1ng ch\u1eb3ng v\u1eady, ai lo ph\u1eadn n\u1ea5y, th\u00ec c\u00f2n g\u00ec l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft gia \u0111\u00ecnh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n
        3. H\u1ef1u ch\u01b0 ho\u1ea1nh th\u1ee7 nh\u01a1n t\u00e0i gi\u1ea3, n\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 k\u1ef3 th\u00ea t\u1eed, gia kh\u1ea9u d\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng chi, ti\u1ec7m ch\u00ed t\u1eed t\u00e1ng<\/em> (l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb gian tham c\u01b0\u1edbp gi\u1ef1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00ec v\u1ee3 con, m\u1ea5y mi\u1ec7ng \u0103n trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 chung, l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft y\u1ec3u vong th\u00e2n). – Tr\u1eddi ph\u1ea1t chung c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1ee3 con trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a gian \u1ea5y, nh\u1ee9t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n x\u00fai gi\u1ee5c th\u00eam. C\u00f2n h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a gian m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2 l\u00e0m l\u01a1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1eb3ng r\u00f5 bi\u1ebft, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i n\u1eb7ng v\u1eady.<\/li>\n
        4. Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t t\u1eed t\u00e1ng, t\u1eafc h\u1eefu th\u1ee7y h\u1ecfa, \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eb7c, di vong kh\u00ed v\u1eadt, t\u1eadt b\u1ecbnh, kh\u1ea9u thi\u1ec7t ch\u01b0 s\u1ef1, d\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecdng th\u1ee7 chi tr\u1ecb<\/em> (n\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ebft y\u1ec3u vong th\u00e2n, th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eeda, tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp, b\u1ecf m\u1ea5t t\u00e0i v\u1eadt, \u0111au \u1ed1m, ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb cho \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1i s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n gi\u1ef1t kia). – T\u1ea1i sao m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ebft y\u1ec3u vong th\u00e2n? \u1ea4y l\u00e0 nh\u1edd trong nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e1o thi\u1ec7n, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ch\u1ee9a ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u, n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0m cho hao h\u1ebft s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n phi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ng\u1ea1n ng\u1eef n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “ho\u1ea1nh t\u00e0i b\u1ea5t ph\u00fa” l\u00e0 v\u1eady.<\/li>\n
        5. H\u1ef1u u\u1ed5ng s\u00e1t nh\u01a1n gi\u1ea3, th\u1ecb d\u1ecbch \u0111ao binh nhi t\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1t d\u00e3<\/em> (l\u1ea1i gi\u1ebft oan ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta, th\u00ec t\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed5i g\u01b0\u01a1m dao m\u00e0 gi\u1ebft nhau v\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng). – K\u1ebb hung h\u0103ng, k\u1ebb tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp, v.v… gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i th\u00ec b\u1ecb th\u00e2n th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb t\u00f2a h\u00ecnh thay m\u1eb7t cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i m\u00e0 gi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i; hay l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u thai vay tr\u1ea3 cho nhau, oan oan t\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1o. \u1ea4y l\u00e0 l\u1ebd Tr\u1eddi tu\u1ea7n hu\u1eddn, kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f4ng c\u1ea7u may m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi. Cho n\u00ean gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1edb t\u00ecnh thi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n
        6. Th\u1ee7 phi ngh\u0129a chi t\u00e0i gi\u1ea3, th\u00ed nh\u01b0: l\u1eadu ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee9u c\u01a1, tr\u1ea9m t\u1eedu ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1t. Phi b\u1ea5t t\u1ea1m b\u1ea3o, t\u1eed di\u1ec7c c\u1eadp chi<\/em> (l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n phi ngh\u0129a, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111em th\u1ecbt kh\u00f4 b\u1ecb m\u01b0a d\u1ed9t m\u00e0 c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3i, r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u00f3 t\u1ea9m l\u00f4ng chim tr\u1ea5m m\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ebft kh\u00e1t. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng no \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, m\u00e0 r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng ch\u1ebft li\u1ec1n theo \u0111\u00f3). – N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a d\u1ed9t nh\u1ec3u v\u00e0o th\u1ecbt kh\u00f4 th\u00ec th\u1ecbt \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c, h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Con chim tr\u1ea5m \u0103n r\u1eafn, n\u00ean b\u1ecf l\u00f4ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o r\u01b0\u1ee3u, th\u00ec r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u1ea5y gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eb9 l\u1eafm.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          B\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m, c\u00f2n b\u00e0i n\u00e0y k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 d\u1eef c\u1ea3. H\u1ec5 c\u1ea3m d\u1eef th\u00ec \u1ee9ng d\u1eef, ch\u1edb t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 may r\u1ee7i m\u00e0 l\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

          V. T\u00c2M KH\u1edeI T\u01af\u1edaNG L\u00c0NH D\u1eee<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng: “Ph\u00f9 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi \u01b0 thi\u1ec7n, thi\u1ec7n tuy v\u1ecb vi, nhi ki\u1ebft th\u1ea7n d\u0129 t\u00f9y chi. Ho\u1eb7c t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi \u01b0 \u00e1c, \u00e1c tuy v\u1ecb vi, nhi hung th\u1ea7n d\u0129 t\u00f9y chi<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Trong l\u00f2ng v\u1eeba kh\u1edfi t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3 tuy ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m ra, m\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ea7n l\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 theo m\u00ecnh. Ho\u1eb7c trong l\u00f2ng v\u1eeba kh\u1edfi t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef, vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 tuy ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m ra, m\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n d\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 theo m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

          Cu\u1ed1n T\u1ec9nh Th\u1ebf Ng\u1ed9 Ch\u01a1n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “Thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ed3 tranh nh\u1ee9t ni\u1ec7m, th\u00e1nh ph\u00e0m nh\u1ecb l\u1ed9 th\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n h\u00e0nh<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: L\u00e0nh v\u1edbi d\u1eef tranh nhau m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ra b\u1edfi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, r\u1ed3i b\u1eaft t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n ra hai n\u1ebbo th\u00e1nh v\u1edbi ph\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

          Ch\u1ee7 \u00fd n\u00f3i c\u00e1i t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 g\u1ed1c sanh \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef, l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ecda ph\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00e1nh ph\u00e0m \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1eebng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng: Vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec c\u00f3 n\u00f3i ra m\u1edbi c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7, ch\u1edb c\u00f2n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf trong t\u00e2m th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1i g\u00ec.<\/p>\n

          Th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n x\u01b0a r\u1ea5t tr\u1ecdng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00ec bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u00e2m l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ec3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh, n\u00ean t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi trong t\u00e2m l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0m ra. C\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 n\u00f3i ra, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 l\u00e0m ra. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o ho\u00e0i, th\u00ec c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y mi\u1ec7ng n\u00f3i ra hay l\u00e0 tay ch\u01a1n l\u00e0m ra m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft, b\u1edfi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nu\u00f4i n\u1ea5ng l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh r\u1ed3i, n\u00ean m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb n\u00f3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00ec gi\u1eef ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y cho trong s\u1ea1ch, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea3y ra ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee3n nh\u01a1.<\/p>\n

          L\u00fac m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec, th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 t\u1eadn thi\u1ec7n t\u1eadn m\u1ef9, \u0111\u1eebng cho xen l\u1ed9n m\u1ea3y h\u00e0o t\u00e0 v\u1ecdng. N\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1ch trong th\u00ec t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u chi, th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ecdn l\u00e0nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1eef. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ec3 cho ni\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u1edfng lo\u1ea1n sanh r\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0 ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0nh th\u00ec kho\u00e1ch sung \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0nh, c\u00f2n ni\u1ec7m d\u1eef th\u00ec r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 t\u1ea3o tr\u1eeb. Ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafm c\u00f4ng phu m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc th\u1eafng n\u1ed5i t\u00e0 v\u1ecdng. D\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1eafng n\u1ed5i th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft n\u01a1i t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n. T\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y c\u1ecf kia \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m m\u1ecdc ch\u1ed3i, d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t c\u00f3 b\u1eeba \u0111i, chung cu\u1ed9c c\u0169ng c\u00f2n d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft \u1edf ch\u1ed7 \u1ea5y, m\u00e0 s\u1ee3 n\u1ed7i ph\u00e1t b\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi c\u1ed9i r\u1ec5 th\u00ec c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y n\u00f3 s\u1ebd n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m m\u1ecdc ch\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ch\u1eb3ng d\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n

          \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh n\u00ean ch\u1ee9a, vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef n\u00ean ch\u1eeba, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n e ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i, n\u00ean m\u1edbi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: H\u1ec5 t\u00e2m d\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ea7n theo r\u1ed3i. C\u00e1i th\u00e2m \u00fd c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng trong h\u00e0nh vi m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, d\u1ea7u trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

          Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c b\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “T\u00e2m ta t\u01b0\u1edfng sao th\u00ec ta s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u1eady” th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n b\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n tu th\u00e2n, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103n ch\u1eebng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y t\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4i l\u1ea7n. L\u00e2u r\u1ed3i c\u00e1i t\u00e2m quen v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0nh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1eef k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

          T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u00edch cho m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh m\u00ecnh xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i n\u1eefa. B\u1edfi c\u1edb sao? V\u00ec t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0nh b\u1ee7a gi\u0103ng thanh kh\u00ed kh\u1eafp chung quanh m\u00ecnh, tri\u00eam nhu\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0m cho h\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t sanh.<\/p>\n

          T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng quan h\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u00ec ai c\u00f2n d\u00e1m xem th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eefa ch\u0103ng?<\/p>\n

          VI. KHUY\u00caN R\u00c1NG \u0102N N\u0102N L\u00c0M PH\u1ea2I<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng: “K\u1ef3 h\u1eefu t\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u00e1c s\u1ef1, h\u1eadu t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i h\u1ed1i, ch\u01b0 \u00e1c m\u1ea1c t\u00e1c, ch\u00fang thi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5ng h\u00e0nh, c\u1eedu c\u1eedu t\u1ea5t h\u1ecdach ki\u1ebft kh\u00e1nh, s\u1edf v\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ecda vi ph\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e3<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: C\u00f3 k\u1ebb l\u00e0m d\u1eef tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi, m\u00e0 sau r\u1ed3i \u0103n n\u0103n s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef, v\u01b0ng d\u1ea1y m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh, l\u00e2u l\u00e2u s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7ng ph\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1nh, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ecda ra ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

          Ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i khuy\u00ean r\u1eb1ng: “C\u1ed1 ki\u1ebft nh\u01a1n ng\u1eef thi\u1ec7n, th\u1ecb thi\u1ec7n, h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n, nh\u1ee9t nh\u1ef1t h\u1eefu tam thi\u1ec7n, tam ni\u00ean thi\u00ean t\u1ea5t gi\u00e1ng chi ph\u01b0\u1edbc. Hung nh\u01a1n ng\u1eef \u00e1c, th\u1ecb \u00e1c, h\u00e0nh \u00e1c, nh\u1ee9t nh\u1ef1t h\u1eefu tam \u00e1c, tam ni\u00ean thi\u00ean t\u1ea5t gi\u00e1ng chi h\u1ecda. H\u1ed3 b\u1ea5t mi\u1ec5n nhi h\u00e0nh chi?<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00f3i l\u00e0nh, xem l\u00e0nh, l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7ng ba \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ee7 ba n\u0103m th\u00ec t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean Tr\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng cho ph\u01b0\u1edbc. K\u1ebb hung h\u0103ng n\u00f3i d\u1eef, xem d\u1eef, l\u00e0m d\u1eef, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7ng ba vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ee7 ba n\u0103m th\u00ec Tr\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng cho h\u1ecda. Sao l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng g\u1eafng b\u00f3 m\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh v\u1eady?<\/p>\n

          Kinh S\u00e1m H\u1ed1i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n

          Ch\u1edb th\u00e1i qu\u00e1, \u0111\u1eebng l\u00f2ng b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp.<\/em>
          \nPh\u00e9p tu h\u00e0nh luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y.<\/em>
          \nL\u00e0m l\u00e0nh, xem ph\u1ea3i, n\u00f3i ngay,<\/em>
          \nGi\u1eef ba \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y thi\u1ec7t r\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u1edbc duy\u00ean.<\/em><\/p>\n

          c\u0169ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00ean kia.<\/p>\n

          Xem l\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 xem b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7n, x\u00e9t b\u1eb1ng \u00fd \u1edf trong tr\u00ed n\u00e3o, ch\u1edb ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 xem \u1edf ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh. Ba \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ba nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, l\u00e0: Th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p. H\u1ec5 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng m\u00e0 gi\u1eef ba nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1eb7ng thanh t\u1ecbnh lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n, th\u00ec ch\u1eebng ba n\u0103m s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn cho m\u00ecnh ch\u1eb3ng sai. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ee1i \u00f4i! C\u00f3 m\u1ea5y ai s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng m\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t m\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0i, cho n\u00ean s\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng c\u0169ng t\u00f9y theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 mau c\u00f3 ch\u1eadm. V\u1eady ai mu\u1ed1n mau th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i g\u1eafn b\u00f3 m\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

          Theo khoa h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e0m hai v\u1eadt g\u1eb7p nhau m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ra m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi chi th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Qu\u00e1 c\u00e1i h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y th\u00ec l\u1ea1i sanh ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1i h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u00e3o h\u00f2a \u0111i\u1ec3m (point de saturation). V\u00ed nh\u01b0 trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y th\u00ec h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh ra gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc; trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i tan, m\u00e0 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y th\u00ec mu\u1ed1i h\u1ebft tan n\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

          \u0110\u1ea1o h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. N\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 l\u00e0nh hay l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 d\u1eef ch\u01b0a qu\u00e1 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u00e3o h\u00f2a \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ean, th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ra ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1o hay l\u00e0 h\u1ecda b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ta ch\u1edb v\u1ed9i tr\u00e1ch sao c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t \u00edt \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0 v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ed3i, n\u00ean ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1o m\u1edbi \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n. Ta ch\u1edb v\u1ed9i phi\u1ec1n sao c\u00f3 k\u1ebb l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a m\u1eafc h\u1ecda, l\u00e0 v\u00ec k\u1ebb kia tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00e2y d\u1eef bao nhi\u00eau, n\u00ean h\u1ecda b\u00e1o ch\u01b0a l\u1ed9 h\u00ecnh. L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy l\u00e0m d\u1eef m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00e0m d\u1eef, v\u00ec l\u00e0nh d\u1eef m\u1eafc tr\u1eeb c\u1ea5n cho nhau, n\u00ean s\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

          Trong m\u1ea5y \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn tr\u00ean kia, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft b\u1ed9 Kinh C\u1ea3m \u1ee8ng m\u00e0 d\u1ea1y ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf d\u1eef v\u1ec1 l\u00e0nh, l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 c\u00e1i l\u00fd l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m d\u1eef \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 th\u00ec t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 Tr\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng ph\u01b0\u1edbc hay l\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ecda. Tuy r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecda ph\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eddi, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 Tr\u1eddi c\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f2n c\u00e2n thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u1edf trong \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

          Mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ecda ra ph\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec ta ch\u1edb t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e2u xa, c\u1ee9 lo l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh, tuy\u1ec7t b\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1eef. Ta mu\u1ed1n cho kh\u00e1ch qu\u00ed h\u1eb1ng t\u1edbi nh\u00e0 ta, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p trong ngo\u00e0i cho s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, cho nghi\u00eam trang: Kh\u00e1ch qu\u00ed l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu ta \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 ta u tr\u1ec7, \u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u00e0m sao k\u1ebb ti\u1ec3u nh\u01a1n ch\u1eb3ng khinh d\u1ec5 m\u00e0 l\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o: K\u1ebb ti\u1ec3u nh\u01a1n l\u00e0 h\u1ecda \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu ta ch\u1ea5p m\u00ea ch\u1eb3ng t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9, vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef l\u00e0m ho\u00e0i, cam t\u00e2m th\u1ecd h\u1ecda, th\u00ec d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chi c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

          CH\u01af\u01a0NG TH\u1ee8 BA<\/strong><\/p>\n

          LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 C\u1ea2M \u1ee8NG THEO TH\u00cdCH GI\u00c1O V\u00c0 NHO GI\u00c1O<\/strong><\/p>\n

          I. C\u1ea2M \u1ee8NG THEO TH\u00cdCH GI\u00c1O<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 lu\u1eadn c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng m\u00e0 cho t\u00ean kh\u00e1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/em>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m l\u1ea1, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi chung m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t l\u00fd, hu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 hai t\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ri\u00eang nhau, g\u1ed1c sanh \u1edf kh\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u0169ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0u d\u1ecbch Kinh Ph\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n ra ti\u1ebfng Trung Hoa r\u1ed3i truy\u1ec1n sang Nam Vi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng danh t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c nhau cho d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

          Ch\u1eef nh\u00e2n<\/em> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u0103ng sanh (hay sanh s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 h\u1ed9t). Ch\u1eef qu\u1ea3<\/em> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1edf sanh (b\u1ecb sanh s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1i). V\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u1ed9t m\u1edbi sanh tr\u00e1i, n\u00ean nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 s\u1edf t\u00e1c<\/em> (vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ra), c\u00f2n qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u1ecd<\/em> (ph\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu l\u1ea5y).<\/p>\n

          Nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng n\u00f3i: L\u00e0m l\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh, l\u00e0m d\u1eef th\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1eef. L\u00e0m l\u00e0nh th\u00ec h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m d\u1eef th\u00ec m\u1eafc h\u1ecda, h\u1ec5 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea5y, c\u00f3 sai ch\u1ea1y bao gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n

          Kinh Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u1eda c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n s\u0129! Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft nh\u00e2n l\u00e0nh sanh ra qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0nh, nh\u00e2n d\u1eef sanh ra qu\u1ea3 d\u1eef, m\u00e0 xa l\u00e1nh c\u00e1i nh\u00e2n d\u1eef \u0111i! L\u1ea1i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: S\u1ef1 l\u00e0nh d\u1eef b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng t\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng theo h\u00ecnh, ba \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 x\u00e2y v\u1ea7n ch\u1eb3ng sai: \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y b\u1ecf lu\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd (kh\u00f4ng lo l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh), sau r\u1ed3i \u0103n n\u0103n kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp.<\/p>\n

          Kinh Nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “D\u1ee5c tri ti\u1ec1n th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n, kim sanh th\u1ecd gi\u1ea3 th\u1ecb; d\u1ee5c tri h\u1eadu th\u1ebf qu\u1ea3, kim sanh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 th\u1ecb<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eddi nay ch\u1ecbu l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3; mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi sau, \u0111\u1eddi nay l\u00e0m ra \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

          \u0110\u1eddi nay m\u1edbi sanh ra m\u00e0 l\u00e0m con nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u sang h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m con nh\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o h\u00e8n ch\u1ecbu kh\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 do ti\u1ec1n c\u0103n m\u00e0 b\u00e1o h\u1eadu ki\u1ebfp. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u01b0\u1edbc, tuy nay m\u1edbi l\u00e0m d\u1eef m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a m\u1eafc h\u1ecda, l\u00e0 b\u1edfi tr\u1eeb ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c do t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 nay ch\u1ecbu kh\u1ed5, tuy nay m\u1edbi l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0 b\u1edfi tr\u1eeb ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft t\u1ed9i ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd tr\u1eeb c\u1ea5n l\u00e0nh d\u1eef ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc xong r\u1ed3i, th\u00ec m\u1edbi tr\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3 cho \u0111\u1eddi nay. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh d\u1eef \u0111\u1eddi nay m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp tr\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3, th\u00ec ki\u1ebfp sau c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tam th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

          Nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt lu\u1eadn nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea7n minh. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn c\u00f3 th\u1ea7n minh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n cho ch\u00fang sanh \u1ef7 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o th\u1ea7n minh, m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng: C\u00e1c v\u00ec th\u1ea7n minh c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do s\u1eeda lu\u1eadt h\u1ecda ph\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m n\u1eafng l\u00e0m m\u01b0a, theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0o b\u00e0y l\u1ec5 c\u00fang t\u1ebf v\u00e1i n\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed7i \u0110\u1ee9c A-Di-\u0110\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 l\u1eadp b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u00e1m l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ebft ch\u00fang sanh, m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang sanh, tuy ni\u1ec7m danh hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, b\u00e1i s\u00e1m h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m y theo lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, t\u00e2m v\u1eabn lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed7i thay, h\u00e0 hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n minh n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

          Kinh Ph\u00e1p B\u1eedu \u0110\u00e0n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9 danh vi ch\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9<\/em>“. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: L\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00ecnh, m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. L\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y c\u00e1i tr\u00ed b\u00e1c nh\u00e3 trong t\u00e1nh m\u00ecnh, d\u00f9ng ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn m\u00e0 nu\u00f4i n\u1ea5ng n\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 ngu si m\u00ea v\u1ecdng, r\u1ed3i t\u00e0 l\u1ea1i th\u00ec ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9, m\u00ea l\u1ea1i th\u00ec ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9, ngu l\u1ea1i th\u00ec tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1c l\u1ea1i th\u00ec thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ed9 m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ea5y m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u01a1n thi\u1ec7t ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e1ng. N\u00f3i cho r\u00f5 ra: T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9 nhi h\u1eadu Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

          Nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed1n: “Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng thi\u00ean” c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 T\u00edch \u0110inh Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u00ean ch\u00fa, r\u00fat nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y trong c\u00e1c kinh v\u1ec1 l\u1ebd b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef m\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh, bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh m\u00e0 theo.<\/p>\n

          II. C\u1ea2M \u1ee8NG THEO NHO GI\u00c1O<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Nho gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eadp thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean ri\u00eang. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i Nho gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ed5 sanh \u1edf Trung Hoa; tuy c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 chia ra ph\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1i nh\u1eadp th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ed9i th\u00ec hai ph\u00e1i c\u0169ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 kinh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Hi\u1ec1n x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, nh\u1ee9t l\u00e0 Kinh D\u1ecbch. V\u1ec1 l\u1ebd b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ph\u00e1i Nho gi\u00e1o hay d\u1eabn nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi sau n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

          Kinh D\u1ecbch n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “T\u00edch thi\u1ec7n chi gia t\u1ea5t h\u1eefu d\u01b0 kh\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00edch b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n chi gia t\u1ea5t h\u1eefu d\u01b0 \u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh \u1eaft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0nh \u1eaft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecda.<\/p>\n

          S\u00e1ch Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01a1 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “T\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1ng chi b\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00e1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1ng chi b\u00e1 \u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em>“. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: L\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh th\u00ec (Tr\u1eddi) xu\u1ed1ng cho tr\u0103m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t, l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0nh th\u00ec (Tr\u1eddi) xu\u1ed1ng cho tr\u0103m vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

          T\u1eeb Th\u1ea7n \u00d4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “T\u00edch thi\u1ec7n ph\u00f9ng thi\u1ec7n, t\u00edch \u00e1c ph\u00f9ng \u00e1c, t\u1eed t\u1ebf t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1n, Thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ecba b\u1ea5t th\u00e1c; thi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu thi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o, \u00e1c h\u1eefu \u00e1c b\u00e1o, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1eddn b\u1ea5t b\u00e1o, th\u1eddi th\u1ea7n v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Ch\u1ee9a l\u00e0nh g\u1eb7p l\u00e0nh, ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef g\u1eb7p d\u1eef, t\u1eed t\u1ebf suy l\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec r\u00f5 Tr\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ea7m; l\u00e0nh c\u00f3 l\u00e0nh tr\u1ea3, d\u1eef c\u00f3 d\u1eef tr\u1ea3, n\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eb3ng tr\u1ea3, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n

          \u0110\u1ee9c Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “Vi thi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3 Thi\u00ean b\u00e1o chi d\u0129 ph\u01b0\u1edbc, vi b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3 Thi\u00ean b\u00e1o chi d\u0129 h\u1ecda<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: K\u1ebb l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh th\u00ec Tr\u1eddi l\u1ea5y ph\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 cho n\u00f3, k\u1ebb l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0nh th\u00ec Tr\u1eddi l\u1ea5y h\u1ecda m\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 cho n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u1edb h\u01a1n h\u1ebft, l\u00e0 khi Ng\u00e0i \u0111au, T\u1eed L\u1ed9 xin ph\u00e9p kh\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea3o. Ng\u00e0i h\u1ecfi: X\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u00e0m v\u1eady ch\u0103ng? T\u1eed L\u1ed9 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng: C\u00f3 v\u1eady. Trong v\u0103n t\u1ebf c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: “\u0110\u1ea3o nh\u0129 vu th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1 th\u1ea7n, k\u1ef3<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00e1c Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Th\u1ea7n tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t. – Ng\u00e0i m\u1edbi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “Kh\u01b0u chi \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1eedu h\u0129<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Kh\u01b0u n\u00e0y (t\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i) \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i. \u00dd Ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i: Kh\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i d\u1eddi l\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u th\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o h\u1ef1u. Ta b\u00ecnh nh\u1ef1t th\u1ea5y l\u1ed7i th\u00ec c\u1ea3i ngay, th\u1ea5y l\u00e0nh th\u00ec d\u1eddi ngay. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ta kh\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u1edbi th\u1ea7n minh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n

          Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “Qu\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3ng \u0111\u00e3ng, ti\u1ec3u nh\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch th\u00edch. Qu\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1t, ti\u1ec3u nh\u01a1n h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00e2n t\u1eed khoan thai v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng, k\u1ebb ti\u1ec3u nh\u01a1n bu\u1ed3n r\u1ea7u ch\u1eb3ng ng\u1edbt. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111i l\u00ean tr\u00ean (tr\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9c ngh\u0129a, thi\u00ean l\u00fd), k\u1ebb ti\u1ec3u nh\u01a1n c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi (d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u00e0i l\u1ee3i, nh\u01a1n d\u1ee5c). Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00e0y r\u00f5 l\u1ea1i ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

          Th\u1ea7y M\u1ea1nh T\u1eed n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “H\u1ecda ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4 b\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 c\u1ea7u chi gi\u1ea3<\/em>“. Thi v\u00e2n: “V\u0129nh ng\u00f4n ph\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng, t\u1ef1 c\u1ea7u \u0111a ph\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em>“. Th\u00e1i Gi\u00e1p vi\u1ebft: “Thi\u00ean t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7t du kh\u1ea3 vi, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t. Th\u1eed chi v\u1ecb d\u00e3<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecda ph\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng do m\u00ecnh m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn. Kinh Thi n\u00f3i: C\u1ee9 nh\u1edb v\u01b0ng theo m\u1ea1ng Tr\u1eddi lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u1edbc. Thi\u00ean Th\u00e1i Gi\u00e1p (trong Kinh Th\u01a1) n\u00f3i: Tr\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ecda c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh, t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh g\u00e2y h\u1ecda th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5i. Ch\u00e1nh l\u00e0 n\u00f3i ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1ea7y M\u1ea1nh T\u1eed d\u1eabn l\u1eddi Kinh Thi v\u00e0 Kinh Th\u01a1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 c\u00e2u: H\u1ecda ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4 b\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 c\u1ea7u chi gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

          C\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu m\u1ea5y l\u1eddi tr\u00ean kia l\u00e0 n\u00f3i: L\u00e0m l\u00e0nh g\u1eb7p ph\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m d\u1eef m\u1eafc h\u1ecda, h\u1ecda ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh g\u00e2y ra. Cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00e2n t\u1eed tr\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u phi l\u1ec5, phi ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd tuy\u1ec7t c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1eef v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng Nho gi\u00e1o chuy\u00ean lo v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cang th\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, hay n\u00f3i thi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1, cho n\u00ean ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y trong kinh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u01a1n v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

          CH\u01af\u01a0NG TH\u1ee8 T\u01af<\/strong><\/p>\n

          K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN HI\u1ec6P L\u00dd TAM GI\u00c1O<\/strong><\/p>\n

          I. V\u1ec0 M\u1eb6T C\u1ea2M \u1ee8NG, TAM GI\u00c1O KH\u00c1C NHAU \u1ede CH\u1ed6 L\u1eacP LU\u1eacN, NH\u01afNG V\u1eaaN B\u1ed4 NGH\u0128A CHO NHAU<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Ba t\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 Nho, Th\u00edch, \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng. Tuy gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o c\u0169ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00fd, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i ch\u1ed7 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau (\u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec3u d\u1ecb). \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf th\u1ea7n minh, Nho gi\u00e1o \u1edf lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, Th\u00edch gi\u00e1o \u1edf t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

          Tam gi\u00e1o c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7p nhau l\u00e0 l\u1ebd n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

          N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t th\u1ea7n minh th\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ea1t (\u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o) th\u00ec e sanh th\u00f3i \u1ef7 l\u1ea1i, m\u1ea5t t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7u tha l\u1ef1c, c\u00fang t\u1ebf c\u1ea7u ph\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00e0nh ra m\u00ea t\u00edn, th\u00ec c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u00eam t\u1ed1i t\u0103m ch\u0103ng?<\/p>\n

          N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t lu\u00e2n l\u00fd (Nho gi\u00e1o) th\u00ec e thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7u sung s\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t theo ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n lo ph\u1ea7n thi\u00eang li\u00eang v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y sau, th\u00ec c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eddi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 l\u00fd th\u00fa, l\u00e0 cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng?<\/p>\n

          N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh, th\u00ec l\u1ea1i e kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ecdng k\u00ednh th\u1ea7n minh, c\u00f3 \u00fd dung d\u1ecb cho m\u00ecnh th\u00e1i qu\u00e1, t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng mu\u00f4n vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 c\u0169ng do n\u01a1i m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3 ai, sanh ra t\u00e1nh khinh khi m\u00e0 d\u1ec5 sa n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i; ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 lo \u00edch l\u1ee3i ri\u00eang cho ph\u1ea7n thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, th\u00ec c\u00f2n g\u00ec l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n qu\u1ea7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, lu\u00e2n l\u00fd cang th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

          M\u1ed7i gi\u00e1o t\u00f9y c\u01a1 m\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn d\u1ea1y, li\u1ec7u b\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 cho thu\u1ed1c, n\u00f3i r\u00f5 kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u00f5 kho\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c, n\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7p c\u1ea3 ba, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e2m ch\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00eam b\u1edbt cho nhau m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t thuy\u1ebft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

          Theo t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc: Tr\u00ed, T\u00ecnh, \u00dd l\u00e0 ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Lo\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng th\u00fa c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ba \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh \u1ea5y. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ta quan s\u00e1t xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi lo\u00e0i th\u1ea5p, lo\u00e0i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, th\u00ec tr\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n s\u00e1t nh\u1eadp, ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u00fd, sau hi\u1ec7p l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t, th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

          N\u1ebfu con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o th\u00ec ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i t\u00e2m c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u ra r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t ch\u1eebng n\u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f2n gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t g\u1ed1c, ch\u1edb ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00eca nhau. T\u1ec9 nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. L\u00fac ta t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u00ec ta m\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ta mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 n\u00f3 ra, ta m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9ng ra di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft th\u00ec ta l\u00e0m vai ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc. \u1ede trong t\u00e2m ta, s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edfng (tr\u00ed) m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, ta c\u00f3 m\u1ebfn (t\u00ecnh) v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n (\u00fd) n\u1eefa.<\/li>\n
          2. Khi ta c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng m\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o hay l\u00e0 v\u1eadt g\u00ec, m\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u1ec1u qui v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 y\u00eau m\u1ebfn \u1ea5y, th\u00ec ta l\u00e0m vai ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh t\u1ef1, ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Trong vai n\u00e0y s\u1ef1 m\u1ebfn (t\u00ecnh) m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, ta c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edfng (tr\u00ed) v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n (\u00fd) n\u1eefa.<\/li>\n
          3. Khi ta mu\u1ed1n \u0111em \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a ta ra thi h\u00e0nh, ta mu\u1ed1n khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m theo ta v\u00e0 ta mu\u1ed1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sao cho \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec ta l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vai kh\u00e1c ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi hai vai tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Theo vai n\u00e0y th\u00ec \u00fd ch\u00ed m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ta mu\u1ed1n (\u00fd) \u0111\u00f3, ta c\u0169ng m\u1ebfn (t\u00ecnh) v\u00e0 ta c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u1edfng (tr\u00ed). V\u1eady th\u00ec trong m\u1ed7i vai ta \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh: tr\u00ed, t\u00ecnh, \u00fd. Nh\u01b0ng ba \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau trong m\u1ed7i vai l\u00e0 do n\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ed5i h\u01a1n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i vai \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Ba t\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n m\u00e0 lu\u1eadn c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng. Ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tr\u00ed, t\u00ecnh, \u00fd, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ean. Th\u1eed x\u00e9t: Nho c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i lo ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ch\u0103ng? \u0110\u1ea1o c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i lo ph\u1ea7n t\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ch\u0103ng? Th\u00edch c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i lo ph\u1ea7n \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ch\u0103ng?<\/p>\n

            Ba gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ed7i h\u01a1n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00f3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0nh r\u1ebd h\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1edb c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o m\u00e0 d\u1ea1y ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang t\u00e2m t\u00e1nh, gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o m\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ea7n minh, gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o m\u00e0 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lu\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n

            II. TUY R\u1eb0NG TAM GI\u00c1O LU\u1eacN THI\u00caN M\u1ea0NG V\u00c0 \u0110\u1ecaNH M\u1ea0NG B\u1ea4T \u0110\u1ed2NG, NH\u01afNG \u0110\u1ec0U D\u1eaaN L\u00caN M\u1ed8T CON \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG GI\u1ea2I THO\u00c1T<\/strong><\/p>\n

            C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i b\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng: Nho, \u0110\u1ea1o x\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1i thuy\u1ebft thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng (fatalisme), c\u00f2n Th\u00edch gi\u00e1o x\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1i thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng (d\u00e9terminisme), ngh\u1ecbch h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi nhau, l\u00e0m sao m\u00e0 dung h\u00f2a cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n

            Thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em> Thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ra trong m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u do n\u01a1i Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o tr\u1ed1n l\u00e1nh hay l\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t t\u00ed g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1eadn m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

            C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/em>? \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng trong \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Do vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi di truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, do vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u00e2y gi\u1edd di truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y sau. Nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 sai ch\u1ea1y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecda ph\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u l\u1ea5y n\u00f3. C\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft t\u00fac m\u1ea1ng hay l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

            Hai thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y m\u1edbi nghe qua th\u00ec ai c\u0169ng cho l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng. V\u1eady c\u0169ng n\u00ean x\u00e9t coi hai thuy\u1ebft \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dung h\u00f2a v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

            V\u1ec1 thuy\u1ebft thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng, ta n\u00ean bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng: Thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thuy\u1ebft thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng. Thuy\u1ebft thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Nho, \u0110\u1ea1o ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng (fatalisme absolu), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n… n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

            Kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng. Thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Nho, \u0110\u1ea1o (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 fatalisme sto\u00efcien) l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft Tr\u1eddi ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ec5 ai h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thu\u1eadn l\u00fd th\u00ec h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n tr\u00e1i l\u00fd th\u00ec ch\u1ecbu h\u1ecda. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i nay bi\u1ebft h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i, hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u01a1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia s\u1ebd c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i: “Thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng, nh\u01a1n t\u1ea1o m\u1ea1ng, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng thi\u00ean”, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Tr\u1eddi nh\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng v\u1eadn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ea1ng v\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n Tr\u1eddi, l\u00e0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f3. B\u1eb1ng n\u00f3i Tr\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng do n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh, l\u00e1nh d\u1eef l\u00e0m chi?<\/p>\n

            Th\u1ebf th\u00ec thuy\u1ebft thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng hay l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i do vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1eed ngh\u0129 hai thuy\u1ebft c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

              \n
            • C\u00f3 k\u1ebb n\u00f3i: M\u1ed9t thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3i Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n thuy\u1ebft kia n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 do lu\u1eadt tam th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau?<\/li>\n
            • Xin tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 th\u00ec t\u01b0\u1edfng hai thuy\u1ebft tr\u00e1i nhau, ch\u1edb k\u1ef3 thi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 chi? Lu\u1eadt l\u00e0 chi? Tr\u1eddi ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng vua b\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m chi th\u00ec l\u00e0m. Ai t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 l\u1ea7m. Tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng l\u00e0m ra lu\u1eadt (L\u00e9gislateur), l\u00e0 Quan t\u00f2a x\u1eed theo lu\u1eadt (Juge). L\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng, quan t\u00f2a n\u00e0o x\u1eed \u0111\u00fang lu\u1eadt th\u00ec ta m\u1edbi cho l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c. Tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng t\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 r\u1eddi lu\u1eadt ra bao gi\u1edd. Cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i: Tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt, Lu\u1eadt l\u00e0 Tr\u1eddi, l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i r\u1ed3i. Hu\u1ed1ng chi theo l\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i, Tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Nho, \u0110\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 L\u00fd b\u1ed5n nhi\u00ean, n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea5ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng, c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m hay l\u00e0 t\u01b0 d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e2u!<\/p>\n

              Tr\u00ean kia gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch thi h\u00e0nh lu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 \u0110\u1ea5ng thi h\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec tr\u00e1i nhau c\u1ea3, th\u00ec thuy\u1ebft thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Nho, \u0110\u1ea1o v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u1eabn theo c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

              N\u1ebfu ta ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ef1c n\u1eefa m\u00e0 x\u00e9t, th\u00ec ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 h\u1ea1p v\u1edbi nhau n\u1eefa. Tuy bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 Tr\u1eddi hay l\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u00edch (n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 absolue). Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3i hay l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n. V\u1eady th\u00ec thuy\u1ebft thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Nho, \u0110\u1ea1o v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed3ng cho c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7m (libre arbitre), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n (\u00fd ch\u00ed) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n

              K\u1ebb n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00f2a hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng hi\u1ec7p, day tr\u1edf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo l\u1ed1i nh\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u00fd s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn chi h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

              C\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u00f9y theo nguy\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ea1nh y\u1ebfu, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng nguy\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fang c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng. V\u00ec m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd ph\u00fat, ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2m th\u00eam s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m m\u1edbi trong m\u1ea1ng v\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, l\u00e0m cho bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng hi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i tr\u00ean kia. H\u00e3y coi thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u00ec r\u00f5 c\u00e1i l\u00fd n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

              V\u1eady th\u00ec \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea5y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 l\u00e0nh hay l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 n\u01a1i ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Mu\u1ed1n cho ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 l\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 l\u00e0m ng\u1ecdn \u0111u\u1ed1c d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdn m\u1edf mang th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdn si\u00eau tho\u00e1t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

              T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 c\u00e1i t\u1ef1 do tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o ch\u01a1n l\u00fd m\u00e0 th\u00f4i (r\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7m), c\u00f3 c\u00e1i t\u1ef1 do t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf mang \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh (n\u1eeda thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng hay l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng, n\u1eeda t\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7m); r\u1ed1t l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1i s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n bu\u1ed9c tr\u00f3i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n g\u00ec h\u1ebft (r\u00f2ng thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng hay l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng).<\/p>\n

              C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft thi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng hay l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7m, n\u00ean th\u1ea5y k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c ch\u1ecbu th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 th\u00ec n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t b\u1edfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia c\u00f3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, n\u1ebfu ai c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 n\u00f3 th\u00ec s\u1ebd m\u1eafc t\u1ed9i li\u00ean can”. \u00d4i! N\u1ebfu ai c\u0169ng n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u00f2n g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eeb bi b\u00e1c \u00e1i c\u1ee7a Tr\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt. Sao ch\u1eb3ng x\u00e9t v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi ch\u1ecbu th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5, ch\u1edb Tr\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n cho ta ch\u1eb3ng ra ch\u00fat c\u00f4ng c\u00e1n hay l\u00e0 \u0111em s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ta m\u00e0 d\u1eabn h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1nh ph\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed3ng ban ta s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m \u0103n \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e2u? N\u1ebfu ta kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (v\u00ec c\u00f3 khi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u00fap nh\u01b0 v\u1eady), th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ee3 cho ph\u1ea7n h\u1ed3n h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 t\u00ecm ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tho\u00e1t kh\u1ed5. V\u1eady sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1eafc t\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n

              \u0110\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi hay g\u00e2y chuy\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh ra ho\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed7i t\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e0n, ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u00e1nh v\u1ecb ng\u00e3 m\u00e0 ra. Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0u th\u1ebf m\u1eabn th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm l\u00fd ch\u01a1n ch\u00e1nh m\u00e0 h\u00f2a hi\u1ec7p nh\u01a1n t\u00e2m, l\u00e0m sao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1i, th\u00ec m\u1edbi mong h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u01b0\u1edbc thanh nh\u00e0n, kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn ra li\u00ean tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu c\u1ee9 ch\u1ea5p n\u00ea ph\u00e2n r\u1ebd nhau m\u00e3i, chia m\u00f4n n\u00e0y, l\u1eadp ph\u00e1i n\u1ecd, c\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch b\u00e1c nhau, xung \u0111\u1ed9t nhau, m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u1ea3, th\u00ec x\u01b0a nay ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 v\u1eady bao gi\u1edd!<\/p>\n

              CHUNG<\/strong><\/p>\n

              (Ghi ch\u00fa: S\u00e1ch L\u1ec5 K\u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a “\u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng” l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh trong n\u01b0\u1edbc tu\u00e2n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, vua coi thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a chung, l\u1ef1a ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n t\u00e0i m\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n ng\u00f4i, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e1ng tin, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u00f2a h\u1ea3o; ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng y\u00eau cha m\u1eb9, con em m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, c\u00f2n gi\u00fap k\u1ebb gi\u00e0 y\u00ean ph\u1eadn, d\u00e2n tr\u00e1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng, con n\u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00f3a b\u1ee5a c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c, nu\u00f4i k\u1ebb t\u1eadt nguy\u1ec1n, trai c\u00f3 danh ph\u1eadn, g\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ea5t gia; gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf r\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5t ri\u00eang cho m\u00ecnh, gh\u00e9t \u1edf kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m ri\u00eang cho m\u00ecnh; nh\u1edd v\u1eady m\u01b0u x\u1ea3o ch\u1eb3ng sanh, tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp ch\u1eb3ng d\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng.)<\/em><\/p>\n

              NGUY\u1ec4N MINH THI\u1ec6N<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-722","sach","type-sach","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamtongmieu.minhlydao.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/sach\/722","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamtongmieu.minhlydao.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/sach"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamtongmieu.minhlydao.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/sach"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamtongmieu.minhlydao.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}